A PhD in Social Science is a terminal degree for professionals who are seeking advanced expertise in one of the various fields under the social sciences umbrella.
The specific program offerings vary from university to university. In general, though, a social sciences doctorate can be obtained in fields such as anthropology, psychology, political science, economics, and sociology.
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Unlike an undergraduate degree or a masters degree, a PhD program primarily involves research-based, independent study and the completion of a dissertation.
Online PhD in Social Science Programs
If you are seeking a PhD in the social sciences, it is likely because you’re interested in becoming an expert in your field. Earning a social science PhD may allow you to pursue a career as a dedicated researcher and academic, or it may serve as an opportunity for you advance in an already established career.
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Here are common social science PhDs:
- Anthropology and archaeology. You can expect your research and coursework to revolve around topics such as colonialism, urbanization, industrialization, human environment interactions, gender, and sexuality.
- Political science. Research and coursework involve explorations on topics such as the origins of the modern political system, formations of a democratic system, war, and international relations.
- Psychology. Research and coursework include subjects such as cognition, neuroscience, developmental psychology, and social psychology.
- History. Research and coursework are often designed with the goal of students producing a final product of research using advanced primary sources and historical analysis. A history PhD involves cross-curricular coursework in social studies.
- Sociology. You can expect your research and coursework to include disciplines such as statistical analysis, research methodologies, social stratification, mathematical models, and race and gender theory.
Professionals with a PhD are often on the leading edge of discovery and innovation. The subject of your doctoral studies can impact the career paths you may qualify for.
Social Sciences Careers & Salaries
Professionals with a social sciences PhD tend to pursue work in research or academia. Others may continue working in their respective field, often qualifying for senior or leadership roles. Some fields, such as psychology, require doctoral degrees for clinical professionals.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, here are some advanced social science careers, along with their median salaries.
| Careers | Annual Median Salaries |
| Chief Executives | $179,520 |
| Political Scientists | $122,510 |
| Economists | $105,630 |
| Sociologists | $92,910 |
| Psychologists | $81,040 |
| Postsecondary Teachers | $79,640 |
| Historians |
$63,940 |
| Anthropologists and Archeologists | $61,910 |
| Survey Researchers | $59,740 |
| Archivists, Curators, and Museum Workers | $50,120 |
The careers and salaries you can qualify for are dependent on a number of factors, such as your area of expertise, your work experience, your industry, and your location.
Social Science Doctoral Curriculum & Courses
As a PhD student, you’ll be expected to actively apply your knowledge through research to contribute new information to your field of study.
Here are some common courses you may come across during your social science doctoral studies:
- Research Methods: This course is not specific to any one social science but rather provides the foundation for understanding how to conduct ethical and effective research in a wide variety of fields.
- Dissertation Proposal: A PhD will likely involve the production of a research-based dissertation. This course outlines and supports that process.
- International Politics: This specialized area of study in the political science field examines the complex dynamics between nations and attempts to theorize about future relationships using established theoretical modeling.
- Race and Gender in Contemporary Society: Courses on race and gender attempt to understand the impact of these realities on human existence through an anthropological, sociological, political, economic, and historical lens.
- Writing Seminar: Most disciplines will include seminars dedicated to crafting effective writing based on PhD research.
- Colonialism and Globalization: This type of course explores the historical and present impact of colonization and the ever-expanding connections between global societies.
- Biology and Anatomy: This course is designed to draw connections between human biology and behavior in order to advance research in the fields of anthropology and psychology.
- Data Analysis and Model Building: Courses in data analysis and modeling teach you how to apply research in order to develop new theories in your field of study.
- Public Policy Analysis: Courses in policy analysis cover how to apply research methods in order to model the potential outcomes of public policy decisions.
- Technology Integration: Technology is a key component not only of the production of research but also in the development of a theoretical understanding of human societies both past and present.
Courses in a social science PhD program will involve significant amount of research and theoretical modeling. Your curriculum will also depend on your chosen specialty area in the realm of social science.
PhD in Social Sciences Admissions Requirements
Social science PhD programs vary significantly when it comes to their requirements for admission, though nearly every program is competitive. Below are some common admissions requirements for doctoral programs in the social sciences:
- GRE or GMAT scores (only some schools require them)
- Resume and curriculum vitae
- Official transcripts
- Admissions or candidate statement
- Letters of recommendation
Doctoral programs are designed to develop the professional skills of an individual who has experience and credentials in their field. This intention is often reflected in the criteria for admission.
Accreditation
In the United States, all postsecondary programs must meet certain academic standards in order to receive the approval of the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA).
Without meeting this standard, the university or program loses its legitimacy as a center for learning and research. The accreditation status of the institution where you earn your degree can affect your eligibility for the proper credentialing or licensing in your field of choice.
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Obtaining a degree from an accredited university can also impact whether credits are eligible to transfer to other programs. Many scholarships are also offered only to students attending accredited universities. If you’re not sure about the accreditation status of a program you are interested in, you can visit the US Department of Education’s website for more information.
Financial Aid and Scholarships
There are many opportunities for graduate-level scholarships and grants in the United States, particularly in high demand fields such as statistics and psychology.
These financial aid opportunities may be offered through federal grants or loans. Private organizations that are interested in the advancement of research in a particular area may also offer grants or scholarship opportunities for doctoral students. You might want to explore any available work study programs as well.
For additional information, and to see which need-based opportunities you might qualify for, you can visit the Federal Student Aid website.
What Can I Do with a Social Science PhD Degree?
You may be wondering what you can do with a social science degree. Obtaining a social science PhD may provide opportunities for financial and professional career advancement in your field of study.
Professionals with a doctorate may find themselves in leadership positions within their field. If you are interested in becoming a leader and a producer of new research and theories in your field, then a PhD may be a fitting choice. Many of the top-earning careers in the social sciences, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, require a graduate degree.
A doctorate can also help you qualify for positions in research and academia. A PhD is a common requirement for postsecondary teachers.
How Long Is a PhD in Social Science Online?
A PhD generally takes 3 to 5 years to complete. Your timeframe may vary depending on the number of credit hours your program requires and how long it takes you to complete your dissertation.
If no dissertation is required, a doctoral program can generally be completed in 3 years with full-time study. Much like an online master’s in social science, an online PhD program may provide more flexibility. While some may offer part-time study options, others can offer accelerated coursework and year-round study.
What’s the Difference Between a Doctorate in Social Science vs. Humanities Degree?
Below are some basic differences between the social sciences and humanities.
| Social Sciences | Humanities |
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Within a social sciences doctorate program, there is likely to be some crossover with humanities disciplines. Particularly for history and anthropology, some universities may feature little distinction between social sciences and humanities.
Is a PhD in Social Science Degree Worth It?
Yes, a PhD in Social Science degree is worth it for many professionals. A PhD can offer opportunities for more independence, increased salary potential, and leadership roles in your field of study.
Many of the top-earning and fastest growing social science professions require a graduate-level degree, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In addition, the Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 9% job growth for management occupations and 12% job growth for postsecondary teachers over the next ten years.
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A PhD in Social Science may also enable you to contribute innovative research and methods to a field designed to improve human society.
Universities Offering Online Doctorate in Social Science Degree Programs
Methodology: The following school list is in alphabetical order. To be included, a college or university must be regionally accredited and offer degree programs online or in a hybrid format.
Capella University offers an online Doctor of Social Work program. To graduate, students must complete 14 courses, two virtual residencies, and a final capstone project. To be eligible for the program, applicants must have a master’s degree in social work with a GPA of 3.0 or higher and submit copies of their official transcripts and government-issued photo ID.
Capella University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Case Western Reserve University offers a Ph.D. in Social Welfare. To graduate, students must complete 37 credit hours and a final dissertation. To be eligible for the program, applicants must have a master’s degree in a related field and need to submit a writing example, a personal statement, and three letters of recommendation.
Case Western Reserve University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Old Dominion University offers an online program for a Doctor of Philosophy in Public Administration and Policy. Students must complete 49 credit hours, including 12 hours dedicated to a dissertation. To be eligible for the program, applicants must have a master’s degree in a related field with a minimum GPA of 3.25 and submit 3 letters of recommendation and GRE or GMAT scores.
ODU is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.
Pennsylvania State University offers a Doctorate in Curriculum and Instruction with an Emphasis in Social Studies Education. The program usually requires 4 years of full-time studies to graduate. Applicants must submit GRE or GMAT test scores. A master’s degree can be completed during the program.
The Pennsylvania State University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
The University at Buffalo offers an online program for a Doctor of Social Work in Social Welfare. It is offered part-time online and requires 39 credit hours to graduate. To be eligible for the program, applicants must submit three references, official transcripts, and GRE test scores along with their online application.
The University at Buffalo is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
The University of Arizona offers a Doctor of Psychology. The program consists of 62 credit hours, with classes lasting 6 to 9 weeks. Students may add a specialization in Criminology and Justice Studies or Health and Wellness Psychology. Applicants must have a master’s degree in a related field with a GPA of 3.0 or higher.
The University of Arizona is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
The University of Maryland offers a Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology. Students can add a specialization in Clinical Psychology, Cognitive and Neural Systems, Counseling, Developmental, and Social, Decision, or Organizational Sciences. Applicants must submit three letters of recommendation, a statement of goals, and official transcripts.
The University of Maryland is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
The University of Tennessee—Knoxville offers a Doctor of Social Work in Clinical Practice and Leadership Program. Students must finish three semesters and a capstone project to graduate. To be eligible for the program, applicants must have a master’s degree in a related field and three years of clinical practice experience.
The University of Tennessee – Knoxville is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.
Walden University offers a Ph.D. in Social Work. Students may choose to add a specialization in Advanced Clinical Practice and Supervision, Impact Leadership in Social Work Administration, or Social Work Education. A total of 83 quarter credit hours are needed to graduate. Those interested in the program must submit an online application through the school’s website.
Walden is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Wilmington University offers an online Doctor of Social Science program. Students must complete 48 credit hours to graduate. A maximum of three qualifying credits may be transferred from a master’s program. To be eligible for the program, applicants must submit an online application along with official transcripts, three letters of recommendation, and an admissions essay.
Wilmington University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
Getting Your Doctor of Social Science Online
If you are motivated to expand your knowledge and contribute to your social science field in a meaningful way, then you might consider getting a social science PhD.
There’s a range of accredited schools to choose from, each with unique application requirements, coursework, and educational philosophies that meet a wide variety of student needs. A growing number of accredited universities even offer online doctoral programs in social science.
If you’re wanting to become an expert in your social science field, why not start exploring the doctoral program options offered by accredited universities, including earning a social science degree online?
